What does a harbour pilot do?

When large cargo ships, tankers and cruise vessels approach a port, one of the most important people involved in ensuring a safe arrival is often someone many people never see — the harbour pilot.

Harbour pilots, also known as marine pilots, are highly trained mariners who board ships before they enter or leave a port and provide expert guidance through local waterways.

While a ship's captain remains in command of the vessel, the harbour pilot brings specialized knowledge of local conditions, including tides, currents, winds, water depths and navigational hazards.

Their role is particularly important in busy or challenging ports where large vessels must navigate narrow channels, confined harbour entrances or areas with significant marine traffic.

To reach a vessel, pilots typically travel by pilot boat and climb aboard using a rope ladder while the ship is still moving offshore.

Once on board, the pilot works closely with the ship's bridge team, advising on the safest route into port and coordinating with tugboats and port authorities as needed.

The profession requires extensive experience at sea. Most harbour pilots have spent years working as ship officers or captains before undergoing additional training and certification specific to the waters where they will operate.

Though they often work behind the scenes, harbour pilots are considered essential to the safe and efficient operation of Canada's maritime industry.